(iv) Helps one to make significant investment in a given venture. Ghanas efforts to address its early post-independence challenges have not been in vain. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. (viii) Cutting down of cocoa trees that had been affected by the swollen shoot disease Ghana Country Profile, on the British Broadcasting Corporation Website, viewed on 15 October 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/. [any four], (b) Avenues for saving (i) The shooting and killing of 3 ex-servicemen on 28th February 1948 at the Christianborg crossroad while on a march to the Osu Castle to present a petition to the Governor Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. [12] GoG 1992. The belief that one must not work on ones farm on certain days 0000018306 00000 n
Wars between states became less frequent, while the number of conflicts within states increased considerably. (a) (b) Give four reasons for saving. [3] Jenkins, J.C. and Kposowa, A.J. [1] and as the most peaceful country in West Africa.[2]. [any four]. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Official Language: English. The paper is an account of the emergence of particular identities and inequalities and their role in promoting instability, conflict and violence. (xiv) Modernisation of agricultural industry in the rural areas Conflicts happen when employees have to compete for managerial support, tools and equipment, or finances. Describe four measures that can be adopted to reduce rural-urban migration, 2. Whereas this major divide has never generated conflict in Ghana, it is possible to identify different categories of continuous conflict, some of it violent. 4 Specific Causes of Conflicts. ISSN 2029-0365 . The country is rich with mineral Lesotho's exports have grown consistently during the period from 2015 to 2018 even though the merchandise trade balance has not improve significantly. Land Ownership and control of land are another major source of ethnic conflicts in the Northern Region. A conflict of interest is a very common type of conflict that arises due to differences in opinion, views, and positions. 0000018085 00000 n
These often Mauritian exports have been growing slower than imports during the period from 2015 to 2018. (a) State four problems created in the urban areas by rural-urban migration, (b) Lock-outs. To help us improve GOV.UK, wed like to know more about your visit today. 0000000857 00000 n
Whereas this major divide has never generated conflict in Ghana, it is possible to identify different categories of continuous conflict, some of it violent. 0000005545 00000 n
It can be a slight conflict that causes no harm or an egregious conflict that results in irreparable damage. The team needs to acknowledge the source of conflict and work on . Email Address (required). We can say that there is no organization without conflicts and no social group without disputes . The sources of conflict include changes in relationships, power struggles, life changes, and poor communication. 1. (I) Individual Level Conflict: Management should keep in mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves. Intergroup power struggles are the key to many wars in the world. In terms of trade relations, Mozambique forms part of the top five South African trade partners within the SADC region. These states were viewed as a significant threat to regional and global stability. 4.1 Communication Breakdown. 4.3 Information Misunderstood. Depending on the type of conflict, you can choose a different course of action. If those details are not provided, the communication department cannot reach their goal of getting these speaking points out on time for their front-line staff to deal with questions. Contemporary Ghana enjoys greater political stability than it did shortly after independence: the countrys political decline after acquiring independence was fairly rapid, with the first coup occurring six years after the inauguration of the first republic. Bringing people together with different opinions is a double-edge sword. Following the 1983 coup, GDP per capita dropped to an all-time low of USD 341,000, resulting in an economic meltdown[6]. In Ghana, one wakes up every day to news of violent clashes between local farmers and Fulani herders, as seen in headlines such as "Two farmers shot dead by Fulani in Agogo" Footnote 1 and "Two killed as Fulanis clash with residents in Sekyere Odumasi." Footnote 2 These headlines are widely disseminated throughout the country, and estimates put the number of people killed . Largest Ethnic Group: Akan. In other cases, such as in written communication, the full message isn't understood due to the lack of non-verbal cues like body language and inflection. (a) Why the Watson Commission was set up If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. These two problems have been identified as the most significant impediments to the success of previous international peacebuilding operations. Group Members: Soumil Ghotane 60 Akshay Kalambe 62 Jyoti Kandalgaonkar 63 Sanket Thorat 78 Sameer Dhurat 83 Anand Kalambe 84 Sanket Panchamia 86 Tejas Shelar 99. (iii) Economic downturn Identify a recurring conflict between key members of your team. Subscribe to get notifications for all updates. They also fought with the British many times, but the most notable war being the Yaa Asantewaa war in which she led the Ashantis. The prefix intra- relates to internal origination. Constitution of the Republic of Ghana, Government of Ghana: Accra. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. Aims and Methods in Task Completion Conflict can arise when people have different aims. 0000018047 00000 n
With changes in the international landscape occurring in the years following the Cold War, new and different types of conflict flared up. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana . The government must provide attractive incentives to corporate bodies and firms to entice them to set up branches / agencies of their businesses in the rural areas. Conflicts over costs and budgets. (iii) Protection of certain sectors which are considered to be of national interest and pride. This is testament to the Ghanaian governments commitment not only to provide its citizens with a good quality of life but also to uphold good governance and comply with international best practice. (xv) Educating the rural populace on dangers involved with urban migration and opportunities in rural areas. An organizations reward system can be a source of conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for employee rewards. this paper analyses some of the most critical causes of conflict in the society. However, its likely that there will be at least one coworker that you dont get along with 100 percent. There is the need for the provision of new and improved social amenities (modern infrastructure) such as public toilets, schools, potable water, electricity, information and communication services, recreational centres, etc, in the rural areas. Following the coup of 1972, inflation increased over the course of 8 years from 20.0% to over 100.0%, tipping the economy into hyperinflation. The prefix inter- relates to external origination. It situates the question of conflict within the context of the Northern Region of Ghana and defines conflict as a situation in which people, groups or individuals are involved in a serious disagreement or argument which degenerates into violence. 3. Outline four avenues for saving. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in many rural communities. It is also called a process because it begins with one party perceiving the other to oppose . About Ghana, on the United Nations Development Programme Website, viewed on 10 October 2018, from http://www.gh.undp.org/. They include the Dagbon, Bawku, Bimbilla, Bolga and Bole chieftaincy conflicts. Avoiding Conflicts. xref
[4] IMF 2007. Thus, as one might expect given the theme a this point, politics as a social system conflicts in the same way that all the above systems do. If there aren't enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who don't are likely to experience conflict. - Definition, Types & Examples, Man vs Nature in The Old Man and the Sea: Examples, Symbols & Power, How Literary Elements Affect the Central Conflict of a Text, External Conflicts in The Old Man and the Sea: Types & Analysis, What is Preventive Care? (a) Why was the Watson Commission set up? The history of conflict and political instability in Ghana reveals that for a time political turmoil was the order of the day. The three colors of the flag (red, green, and black) and the black star in the middle are all symbolic of the pan-Africanist movement. Fundamentally, what is the source of that conflict? (xi) Attractive government incentives for corporate bodies and firms The government and other bodies must create more employment opportunities such as cottage industries, plantations, factories, etc in the rural areas. Among other things, what they find when they complete Situational Leadership training is that they learned a leadership language. It is a language they can use to lead change, manage performance and enhance employee engagement. Its different from conflict, but its easy to see how some of the skills one uses to be a great negotiator are snatched from conflict resolution. This conflict stemmed from a trade dispute, which also factored issues of land access and use. 5. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); This div height required for enabling the sticky sidebar. The inability of these parties to accept certain political outcomes and decisions due to their political affiliations poses a risk of intractable positions escalating into violent outbreaks, which taken to the extreme could precipitate civil war. Answer one question only from this section. Sources of Conflict, Conflict Resolution and Impact on Project Performance Group No:2,Div-B. APPLICATION CHALLENGE Identify a recurring conflict between key members of your team. 2. The empire appears to have broken up following the 1076 conquest by the Almoravid General Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar.A reduced kingdom continued to exist after Almoravid rule ended, and the kingdom was later incorporated . Analysts who consider identities such as ethnicity to be primordial are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard. The change of seasons creates conflict because each season is at odds with the next. Certain cultural practices or aspects of them that are not desirable must be either changed or modified. Obviously, for stories that do not have a happy ending, the resolution of conflict portion changes. (ii) Creation of slums (v) Insufficient funds / capital Many SOEs do not have the needed funds to operate at optimum (best / highest) levels. This observation calls for an urgent examination of potential dangers of another inter ethnic and intra ethnic conflict. People who use this style tend to accept decisions without question, avoid confrontation, and delegate difficult decisions and tasks. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. For example if one team member is responsible for ordering equipment and another for installing the equipment, one task is dependent on the other. Ethnic conflict exists in every country and Ghana is just one of them. (ii) Provision of essential goods and services at affordable costs (iv) Increased cost of living As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. All questions carry equal marks, SECTION I In the world of project management, project costs and budgets are the backbone of any project. [14] Kwarke, S. 2018. 3475 27
For this activity students will be reviewing current events to identify the type and source of the conflict. In facilitative mediation or traditional mediation, a professional mediator attempts to facilitate negotiation between the parties in conflict. If completed in a group setting, have students talk about what they determined for each article and have them explain their reasoning. Problems: Anyone can be involved in a conflict, and the amount of time, money, and equipment needed for resolution will vary according to its complexity. A Critique of the Africanisation of the South Pacific Thesis, The Role of the Natural Resource Curse in Preventing Development in Politically Unstable Countries: Case Studies of Angola and Bolivia, Forced Migration and Armed Conflict: Refugee-Warriors in Guinea (2006), Negotiation and Mediation of violent Conflicts: A case study of Burundi and Kenya, Coup Risk Counterbalancing International Conflict, External Stakeholder Impacts on Official and Non-Official Third-Party Interventions to Resolve Malignant Conflicts: The case of a failed intervention in Cyprus, The path to secession in Africa: the case of Sudan and Nigeria, Regionalization of Conflict in South Sudan, Analysis of effectiveness of AU in the resolution of conflicts in Africa, Understanding obstacles to peace : actors, interests, and strategies in Africa's Great Lakes region. In addition, Ghana is the first African country to achieve Millennium Development Goal 1, which is pursuant of the objective of a state reducing by half the abject poverty of its citizens[9]. Abstract: Ethnic conflicts have become a phenomenal event in the Northern Region of Ghana leading to underdevelopment.These conflicts are attributed to the lingering legacies of colonialism, but for many, especially in the Western popular and academic media, singular historical and internal explanations tend to be offered, assigning the conflicts to either Africa's primordial afflictions of . Some are relatively straightforward, such as painting a wall, articulating the benefits of a product or following a documented procedure. One shift picks up where another leaves off. The Bank of Ghana has, further, adopted monetary policy that is more transparent and accessible to the lay person[10]. Conflict is inevitable when you are leading a team through change, transitioning from peer to supervisor or trying to step up performance on a project with high visibility. [any five], 3. Over 2,000 couples in five diverse cultures were studied. People may move out of their family homes /schools /workplace / worship centre / communities / towns / regions, wherever the conflict may be, to other places. The Ashanti Empire were known for conquering many lands and claiming them.[when?] x1 04)lXa_&`7MF[!!!!= :
This plot progression is true of shows aimed at the youngest of audiences (for example, the bear wants honey out of the tree but has to trick the bees in order to get it). which was fought because of trade dispute. Intragroup power struggles occur when one person attempts to seize control from another person (like when a CEO is replaced by the board of directors). (x) Tribal /ethnic / racial / cultural differences The history of Swazi land tenure dates back to PESA is an independent think-tank promoting regional integration in SADC and providing research on the political economy of development in Africa. She previously taught 2 years of high school social studies in several states around the country. 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